Dampak Kebijakan Komoditas Pangan di Masa Pandemi COVID-19 terhadap Dinamika Perekonomian Global
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26593/sentris.v1i2.4308.137-158Keywords:
COVID-19, Pembatasan dan Larangan Ekspor, Bahan Pangan, Kepentingan Nasional, Proteksionisme PerdaganganAbstract
Sejak Desember 2019, COVID-19 telah menjadi pokok pembahasan dunia akibat dampaknya yang sangatlah destruktif bagi keberlangsungan hidup manusia dalam segala aspek, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Sebagai aktor dengan kekuasaan tertinggi, pemerintah negara telah menerapkan berbagai macam kebijakan yang diharapkan mampu menekan potensi merebaknya virus corona dan menjamin keamanan serta kesejahteraan masyarakat; salah satunya adalah pembatasan dan larangan ekspor untuk bahan pangan. Akan tetapi, kebijakan yang bervariasi ini mulai dianggap meresahkan, oleh karena dampaknya bagi negara pengimpor dan pertumbuhan perekonomian global. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini berupaya untuk mengangkat rumusan masalah: “Bagaimana kebijakan larangan ekspor bahan pangan diterapkan dan dampaknya terhadap dinamika perekonomian global?”. Dalam menganalisis, peneliti menggunakan konsep kepentingan nasional dan kebijakan proteksionisme perdagangan sebagai landasan berpikir. Berdasarkan studi pustaka yang dilakukan secara kualitatif, penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di balik kemandirian pangan yang berhasil dicapai sejumlah negara ekspor, terdapat gangguan dan risiko yang besar bagi rantai pasok pangan global dan pertumbuhan perekonomian global. Pada akhirnya, negara diharapkan untuk mulai berfokus dalam menemukan kebijakan alternatif jangka-panjang yang mampu menguntungkan lebih banyak pihak.
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