Efficiency of Intensive Care Space in Class C Hospitals through IPD: Case Studies of RS JIH Purwokerto and RSA UII

Abstract

The spatial organization of intensive care units (ICUs) in hospitals plays a crucial role in supporting the effectiveness of medical services, infection control, and patient comfort. This study aims to evaluate the spatial adequacy and configuration of intensive care spaces at RS JIH Purwokerto in accordance with national standards (Ministry of Health Regulation No. 40 of 2022) and to draw insights from RSA UII Yogyakarta as a comparative case. A qualitative–descriptive approach was employed, incorporating spatial analysis and document review, supported by technical plan visualizations and comparative matrices. The findings indicate that although most units meet the minimum area requirements, there remains room for improvement in spatial efficiency, sterile–non-sterile zoning, and integration of supporting facilities. The analysis also highlights the relevance of applying the Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) approach as a collaborative strategy to enhance design efficiency through interdisciplinary coordination, the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM), and early user involvement during the design process. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of spatial evaluation with the IPD framework within the context of Class C hospitals in Indonesia. These findings contribute to the development of efficient, adaptive, and collaborative design strategies for mid-sized healthcare facilities.