Analisis Statik dan Dinamik Struktur Tranduser pada Low-Cost Dynamometer untuk Mengukur Gaya Potong Proses Bubut Orthogonal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26593/jrsi.v13i1.6746.107-116Kata Kunci:
dinamometer, experimental modal analysis (EMA), finite element method (FEM), proses bubut, orthogonalAbstrak
Gaya potong pada proses bubut biasanya diukur menggunakan dinamometer dan gaya potong tersebut umumnya digunakan untuk mengevaluasi kualitas proses pemotongan. Dinamometer komersil yang ada di pasaran saat ini ditawarkan dengan harga yang cukup mahal. Sehingga banyak peneliti yang berusaha merancang dinamometer dengan harga yang lebih terjangkau. Salah satu komponen terpenting dalam merancang dinamometer adalah tranduser. Artikel ini membahas desain serta analisis statik dan dinamik tranduser berbentuk full octagonal shaped ring untuk mengukur gaya potong pada proses bubut tegak (orthogonal cutting). Desain tranduser tersebut dianalisis secara statik menggunakan metode Finite Element Method (FEM) dan dinamik menggunakan metode Experimental Modal Analysis (EMA) untuk mengetahui kekuatan strukturnya. Hasil analisis statik kekuatan struktur tranduser mampu menahan beban statik sebesar 224 hingga 388 N. Hal ini karena tegangan tranduser tidak melampaui yield strength material yaitu 233 MPa. Sedangkan analisis dinamik struktur tranduser menggunakan EMA menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi pribadi (natural frequency), rasio redaman (damping ratio), konstanta kekakuan (stiffness), modal massa, dan koefisien redaman masing-masing sebesar 3851 Hz, 18.5 x 106 N/m, 1.04%, 32 g, and 16 N/s/m. Dengan parameter dinamik tersebut, maka desain tranduser untuk dinamometer low-cost ini aman dan reliable ketika digunakan pada proses bubut dengan kecepatan putaran spindle hingga 20 Krpm.
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